by Jim Eggers | May 3, 2017
As San Francisco Bay Area business owners, we all have so many documents, forms, receipts and statements flying around that it’s tempting to just toss them all into one massive pile and “deal with them later”. Sometimes it’s the old “circular file” for almost everything.
“After all, anything worth having can be retrieved from the cloud!” … Right?
Well, I have a few words for you about that today.
But before I get there, I did also want to say a couple words about President Trump’s proposed tax reform.
Indeed, it would be a yuuuge change, if it passes … but it faces a skeptical Congress (including some in his own party who have deficit worries), a public who isn’t quite sure if it will happen, and, of course, the lobbyists for various interest groups who don’t want to see their particular favorite deductions go up in smoke.
If there is actual legislative progress on these proposals, I’ll be sure to keep you posted — in the meantime, I suggest you adopt *my* policy on such things: look for the actual action, not the PR. We’ll see what happens, if in fact something does.
Five Key Recordkeeping Tips For San Francisco Bay Area Business Owners
“Our lives are frittered away by detail; simplify, simplify.” -Henry David Thoreau
Firstly (and perhaps this goes without saying), retain a paper copy or receipt of any tax-relevant transaction. Scan these documents and archive them electronically, or acquire them in an electronic format. If the purchase has a manual or warranty, store all the documents in the same electronic and physical location.
Sadly, the IRS has ruled bank or credit card records to be insufficient documentation. As a result, just keep your statements long enough to reconcile your account.
If the purchase was a business or tax-deductible expense, record the expense and why it justifies the deduction. Store this information with or on the receipts.
Second, keep brokerage statements indefinitely for taxable accounts. You are responsible for reporting the cost basis of any security you sell to calculate the capital gains tax. For a mutual fund with 30 years of reinvested dividends, each dividend payment is part of the cost basis. As a result, the cost basis can sometimes be computed only if you have the complete transaction history.
Without knowing the cost basis, the IRS could argue that the entire value of the investment be treated as gain.
If you have lost the record of how much you originally paid for an investment, instead of selling and paying 15% or more of the value in taxes, you can use that investment as part of your charitable giving. Gifting appreciated stock avoids the tax owed and still qualifies for a full deduction. Oddly enough, the IRS still asks for the original purchase date and price for gifted securities, but leaving these blank has no effect on your tax owed.
Many custodians keep several years of electronic copies of brokerage statements available. And they are now required to send any known cost basis electronically when you transfer securities to a new custodian. If your current custodian has the correct cost basis of your securities, you probably no longer need to keep brokerage statements. However, an approach of “better safe than sorry” is always advisable with the IRS.
Third, keep IRA nondeductible contribution records forever. You may need those records every year that you withdraw money in retirement to show that a portion of the withdrawal is not tax deductible.
Or to avoid the hassle, clear out nondeductible IRA contributions by converting all of your IRA accounts to Roth accounts.
Fourth, keep partnership documents, contracts, commission or royalty structures forever. This includes property records, deeds and titles, especially those relating to intellectual property. It also includes any transfers of value for estate planning purposes.
Finally, save all of your tax returns. After you file, save the paper and/or electronic copies with the rest of that year’s financial documents.
Tax returns and all the supporting documentation must be kept at least seven years. The IRS can audit your return for up to three years from your filing date. However, the three-year limit only applies to good-faith errors.
If the IRS suspects you underreported your gross income by 25% or more, they have up to six years to challenge your return. And because you may file for an extension at the October 15 deadline, you must keep your records for at least seven years.
Regardless of those rules though, if the IRS suspects you filed a fraudulent return, no statute of limitations applies. Because the IRS is run and organized by fallible people (with all of their attendant biases, emotions, etc.), we suggest keeping your tax returns and documents forever.
Unfortunately, whenever the IRS challenges you, the burden of producing evidence that your claims are true rests entirely with you, so you had better have your documentation in order.
Taxpayers collectively spend six billion hours, or 8,758 lifetimes, annually trying to comply with the tax code. Fortunately, as I previously mentioned, YOU don’t have to be the one to do all the heavy lifting with recordkeeping. We are on your side…
Warmly,
James Eggers
(650) 477-0165
Eggers & Eggers of Silicon Valley
